Time and Calendar

Meet Raju, a little boy from Mumbai. One day, he wanted to watch his favourite cartoon at 5:30 PM. But oh no! He forgot to check the time. His mother told him, "Raju, the clock shows the time. Let's learn to read it together!" Then, she showed him the calendar to plan his school holidays in August. Raju was excited to learn about time and calendar so he never misses his cartoons or holidays again! 🎉

What is Time? Time tells us when something happens. We use a clock to see the time. A clock has:

• Hour hand (short hand) - shows hours
• Minute hand (long hand) - shows minutes
• Second hand (thin hand) - shows seconds

Example: If the hour hand is on 3 and the minute hand is on 12, the time is 3:00. If the minute hand is on 6, it is 3:30.

What is a Calendar? A calendar shows us the days, weeks, and months of a year. It helps us know:

• Which day is today
• When are festivals like Diwali or Holi
• School holidays and birthdays

Months of the Year:

The Indian National Calendar is also called the Saka Calendar. It starts from the year 78 AD! It is used alongside the Gregorian calendar in India. So, India has two calendars working together! 🇮🇳✨

• Always check if the hour hand is exactly on the number or between numbers.
• Remember: When the minute hand is on 12, minutes = 00.
• Write the time in HH:MM format (e.g., 7:45).
• For calendar questions, count days carefully. Use a calendar if allowed.
• Practice reading both analog and digital clocks.
• Look out for leap year questions (February has 29 days then).

Board exams often ask: "What time does the clock show?" or "How many days are in this month?" Practice these well!