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Lesson
Life Processes — Complete Lesson
?? What are Life Processes?
Life processes are the basic functions performed by living organisms to maintain life. The key life processes are:
- ??? Nutrition — obtaining and using food
- ?? Respiration — breaking down food to release energy
- ?? Transportation — carrying substances around the body
- ?? Excretion — removing waste products
?? Nutrition in Plants (Autotrophic)
Photosynthesis:
6CO2 + 6H2O ? (sunlight + chlorophyll) ? C6H12O6 + 6O2
Plants are like solar-powered food factories! ????
?? Nutrition in Humans (Heterotrophic)
The human digestive system:
- Mouth — Teeth crush food; saliva (amylase) breaks starch ? maltose
- Oesophagus — Peristalsis pushes food down
- Stomach — HCl + pepsin breaks proteins
- Small Intestine — Bile + pancreatic juice; nutrients absorbed by villi
- Large Intestine — Water absorbed; waste compacted
?? Human Heart — Double Circulation
The heart has 4 chambers: 2 atria (upper) + 2 ventricles (lower). Blood flows in two circuits:
- Pulmonary: Heart ? Lungs ? Heart (picks up O2)
- Systemic: Heart ? Body ? Heart (delivers O2)
?? Excretion — Kidneys
Each kidney contains ~1 million nephrons (basic filtration units). They filter blood to remove urea, excess water, and salts ? urine.
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