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Lesson
Electric Charges and Fields — Complete Lesson
? Electric Charge
Charge is a fundamental property of matter. Two types: positive (+) and negative (-).
Quantisation of charge: q = ne, where e = 1.6 × 10?¹? C (charge of electron)
?? Coulomb's Law
F = kq1q2/r²
where k = 1/(4pe0) = 9 × 10? Nm²/C²
where k = 1/(4pe0) = 9 × 10? Nm²/C²
?? Electric Field
E = F/q0 — force per unit positive test charge. Unit: N/C or V/m.
For a point charge: E = kQ/r² (directed radially outward for +ve charge).
?? Electric Field Lines
- Start from +ve charge, end on -ve charge
- Never intersect each other
- Closer lines = stronger field
?? Gauss's Theorem
? E? · dA? = q_enclosed / e0
Total electric flux through a closed surface equals the enclosed charge divided by e0.
Total electric flux through a closed surface equals the enclosed charge divided by e0.
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Electric Charges & Fields — MCQ Practice
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