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Lesson
Matter in Our Surroundings — Complete Lesson
What is Matter?
Anything that has mass and occupies space is called matter. Air, water, rocks, books — everything around us is matter!
Three States of Matter
| Property | Solid | Liquid | Gas |
|---|---|---|---|
| Shape | Fixed | Not fixed (takes shape of container) | Not fixed |
| Volume | Fixed | Fixed | Not fixed (fills container) |
| Compressibility | Negligible | Very little | Highly compressible |
| Particle spacing | Very close | Close but can move | Far apart |
Change of State
Solid ? (melting) ? Liquid ? (boiling) ? Gas
Gas ? (condensation) ? Liquid ? (freezing) ? Solid
Key Terms:
Melting Point = temperature at which solid ? liquid (ice = 0°C)
Boiling Point = temperature at which liquid ? gas (water = 100°C)
Evaporation = surface phenomenon, happens at any temperature below boiling point
Melting Point = temperature at which solid ? liquid (ice = 0°C)
Boiling Point = temperature at which liquid ? gas (water = 100°C)
Evaporation = surface phenomenon, happens at any temperature below boiling point
Factors Affecting Evaporation
- Temperature — higher temp = faster evaporation
- Surface area — more area = faster evaporation
- Humidity — high humidity = slower evaporation
- Wind speed — more wind = faster evaporation
Why do we feel cold after a bath? Water on our skin evaporates, absorbing heat from our body — this cooling effect is called the latent heat of vaporisation.
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Matter in Our Surroundings — MCQ Practice
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