Subtraction

1) Hook — A Fun Story 🍎🍌

Raju went to the market with 10 apples 🍎. He gave 3 apples to his friend Meena. How many apples does Raju have now?

Let's find out by learning subtraction!

2) Core Concepts — What is Subtraction? ➖

Subtraction means taking away some things from a group and finding out what is left.

It is like when Raju gave 3 apples away, we take 3 away from 10.

So, 10 - 3 = 7

Another example:

In a basket, there are 15 mangoes 🥭. If 6 mangoes are eaten, how many are left?

15 - 6 = 9 mangoes left

3) Key Formulas / Rules 📚

• The number you start with is called Minuend (e.g., 10).
• The number you take away is called Subtrahend (e.g., 3).
• The answer you get is called Difference (e.g., 7).
• Subtraction is not commutative: 10 - 3 ≠ 3 - 10.

4) Did You Know? 🤔

Subtraction was used thousands of years ago in India! Ancient Indian mathematicians used subtraction to solve problems related to trade and farming.

Even the famous mathematician Bhaskara worked with subtraction in his books!

5) Exam Tips ✔️

• Always write numbers carefully. Check the place values (ones, tens, hundreds).
• Remember to subtract smaller number from bigger number. If the subtrahend is bigger, you may need to borrow.
• Practice subtraction tables and word problems. They often appear in exams.
• Watch out for careless mistakes: like mixing addition and subtraction signs.
• Board exam pattern: You may get sums like “Subtract 27 from 53” or word problems like “If there are 20 laddus 🍬 and 8 are eaten, how many remain?”